上海維特銳實(shí)業(yè)發(fā)展有限公司
主營(yíng)產(chǎn)品: ATOS阿托斯閥,賀德克傳感器,ACE緩沖器 |
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上海維特銳實(shí)業(yè)發(fā)展有限公司
主營(yíng)產(chǎn)品: ATOS阿托斯閥,賀德克傳感器,ACE緩沖器 |
聯(lián)系電話
參考價(jià) | 面議 |
更新時(shí)間:2023-10-24 14:51:02瀏覽次數(shù):684
聯(lián)系我們時(shí)請(qǐng)說明是化工儀器網(wǎng)上看到的信息,謝謝!
德國(guó)REXROTH力士樂柱塞泵依靠柱塞與缸體內(nèi)孔面來形成密封工作容積的。由于柱塞與缸體內(nèi)孔均為圓柱表面,因此加工方便,配合精度高,密封性能好。故柱塞泵常做成高壓泵。
優(yōu)點(diǎn):壓力高、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、效率高及流量調(diào)節(jié)方便。
缺點(diǎn):結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,價(jià)格較貴。
力士樂柱塞泵按柱塞排列方向的不同,分為軸向柱塞泵和徑向柱塞泵。在此,簡(jiǎn)要介紹軸向柱塞泵和回轉(zhuǎn)式徑向柱塞泵。
– 斜軸結(jié)構(gòu)軸向柱塞變量泵,用于開式回路的液壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)。
– 適用于工程機(jī)械或工業(yè)領(lǐng)域。
– 多種變量方式適用于各種控制和調(diào)節(jié)過程。
– 堅(jiān)固的驅(qū)動(dòng)軸圓錐滾子軸承使泵結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,壽命長(zhǎng)。
– 輸出流量與轉(zhuǎn)速和排量成正比,排量從Vg max至Vg min=0無級(jí)可調(diào)。
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1)軸向柱塞泵。軸向柱塞泵由配流盤、缸體(轉(zhuǎn)子)、柱塞和斜盤等主要零件組成。在配流盤上開有兩個(gè)弧形 溝槽,分別與泵的吸、壓油口連通,形成吸油腔和壓油腔。斜盤、配流盤均與泵體相固定,柱塞在彈簧的作用下以球形端頭與斜盤接觸。兩個(gè)弧形溝槽彼此隔開,保 持一定的密封性。斜盤相對(duì)于缸體的夾角為γ。原動(dòng)機(jī)通過傳動(dòng)軸帶動(dòng)缸體旋轉(zhuǎn),柱塞就在柱塞孔內(nèi)作軸向往復(fù)滑動(dòng)。處于π~2π范圍內(nèi)的柱塞向外伸出,使其底 部的密封容積增大,將油吸入;處于0~π范圍內(nèi)的柱塞向缸體內(nèi)壓入,使其底部的密封容積減小,把油壓往系統(tǒng)中。
柱塞泵有軸向柱塞泵和徑向柱塞泵??煞譃椋?/p>
一、徑向柱塞泵
徑向柱塞泵是將柱塞徑向排列在缸體內(nèi),缸體由原動(dòng)機(jī)帶動(dòng)連同柱塞一起轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng),周期性改變密閉容積的大小,達(dá)到吸、排油的目的。
二、軸向柱塞泵
1.結(jié)構(gòu)和原理
軸向柱塞泵是將多個(gè)柱塞軸向配置在一個(gè)共同缸體的圓周上,并使柱塞中心線和缸體中心線平行的一種泵,軸向柱塞泵有兩種形式,直軸式(斜盤式)和斜軸式(擺缸式),所示的為直軸式軸向柱塞泵的工作原理,這種泵主要由缸體1、配油盤2、柱塞3和斜盤4組成。柱塞沿圓周均勻分布在缸體內(nèi)。斜盤與缸體軸線傾斜一角度γ,柱塞靠機(jī)械裝置或低壓油作用下壓緊在斜盤上(圖中為彈簧),配油盤2和斜盤4固定不轉(zhuǎn),當(dāng)原動(dòng)機(jī)通過傳動(dòng)軸使缸體轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí),由于斜盤的作用,迫使柱塞在缸體內(nèi)作往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng),并通過配油盤的配油窗口進(jìn)行吸油和壓油?;剞D(zhuǎn)方向,當(dāng)缸體轉(zhuǎn)角在π~2π范圍內(nèi),柱塞向外伸出,柱塞底部的密封工作容積增大,通過配油盤的吸油窗口吸油;在0~π范圍內(nèi),柱塞被斜盤推入缸體,使密封容積減小,通過配油盤的壓油窗口壓油。缸體每轉(zhuǎn)一周,每個(gè)柱塞各完成吸、壓油一次,如改變斜盤傾角γ,可改變液壓泵的排量,改變斜盤傾角方向,就能改變吸油和壓油的方向,成為雙向變量泵。
2.排量和流量計(jì)算:
D:分布圓直徑 d:柱塞直徑 z:柱塞數(shù)
柱塞泵-高壓泵,對(duì)元件的精度要求高,制造成本高
3.柱塞泵特點(diǎn):
(1) 柱塞和缸體配合間隙容易控制,密封性好,容積斜率高0.93-0.95。
(2) 采用滑履與回程盤裝置,避免球頭的頭接觸。
(3) 高壓泵,結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,價(jià)格貴,使用環(huán)境要求高。
(4) 柱塞數(shù)通常為7、9、11個(gè),單數(shù),減小脈動(dòng)。
(5) 排量取決于泵的斜盤傾角γ。
柱塞泵是利用柱塞和柱塞套的相對(duì)滑動(dòng)改變?nèi)莘e來實(shí)現(xiàn)吸油和排油的,尾部有兩個(gè)單向閥,塞和套之間靠間隙和油的粘度來密封。
柱塞泵工作原理:柱塞泵往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)的總行程L是由凸輪的升級(jí)所決定的,所以總行程是不變的。柱塞每一次循環(huán)的供油量的大小取決于供油行程,供油行程是可變的,供油開始是時(shí)刻不隨供油行業(yè)的變化而變化,轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)柱塞可以改變供油終了時(shí)刻,從而改變供油量。在柱塞泵工作時(shí),在凸輪和柱塞彈簧的作用下,迫使柱塞上下往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng),從而完成柱塞泵的三個(gè)工作過程,即:進(jìn)油過程、供油過程、回油過程。
進(jìn)油過程:當(dāng)凸輪的凸起部分轉(zhuǎn)過去以后,在柱塞彈簧的作用力下,柱塞會(huì)向下運(yùn)動(dòng),這時(shí)柱塞的上部空間產(chǎn)生真空度,當(dāng)柱塞上端面把柱塞套上的進(jìn)油孔打開以后,充滿在柱塞泵上體油道內(nèi)的液體經(jīng)進(jìn)油孔進(jìn)入柱塞上部空間,(上部真空空間也叫泵油室),當(dāng)柱塞運(yùn)動(dòng)到下卡點(diǎn)時(shí),進(jìn)油過程結(jié)束。
供油過程:當(dāng)凸輪軸轉(zhuǎn)到凸輪的凸起部分時(shí),凸輪體被頂起,柱塞彈簧被壓縮,柱塞受彈簧的反作用力后向上運(yùn)動(dòng),燃油受壓,這時(shí)會(huì)有一部分燃油經(jīng)油孔流回噴油泵上體油腔。當(dāng)柱塞頂面遮住套筒上的進(jìn)油孔上緣時(shí),由于柱塞和套筒之間的配合間隙很小很小,(在0.0015到0.0025mm之間)使柱塞頂部的柱塞泵油室成為一個(gè)密封的油腔,這時(shí)柱塞在彈簧的作用力下繼續(xù)上升,柱塞泵油室內(nèi)的油壓迅速升高,當(dāng)柱塞泵油壓力大于出油閥彈簧力和高壓油管剩余壓力時(shí),出油閥被推開,高壓油經(jīng)過出油閥進(jìn)入高壓油管,然后通過噴油器噴入燃燒室。供油過程結(jié)束。
回油過程:當(dāng)柱塞向上供油上升到柱塞的斜槽與套筒上的回油孔相通時(shí),柱塞泵油室低壓油路便和柱塞頭部的中孔和徑向孔及斜槽溝通,油壓突然下降,這時(shí)出油閥在彈簧力的作用下迅速關(guān)閉,回油過程結(jié)束。然后柱塞還要上行,當(dāng)凸輪的凸起部分轉(zhuǎn)過去以后,在柱塞彈簧的作用力下柱塞再次下行。這時(shí)又開始了下一個(gè)循環(huán)。